Democracy in Singapore Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Democracy in Singapore - Essay Example Despite all of this, Singapore is consistently ranked as one of the least corrupt countries in the world. The Singapore government is led by a Prime Minister and a President. The latter plays largely a ceremonial role, although the position does contain some veto powers. The Members of Parliament are voted into parliament by the first-past-the-post system. The PAP has controlled Parliament every since the first election in 1959, although the opposition Workers’ Party was able to make significant inroads into Parliament in the 2011 elections. If Singapore’s citizens are able to demand more freedom, it is possible that the country will be able to become a more democratic society. The one thing in Singapore’s favor is that it is relatively corrupt free and is one of the better educated nations in Southeast Asia. If the government realizes that greater freedom will lead to a more productive economy then political change is possible in the not too distant

Contract and Chou Essay Example for Free

Contract and Chou Essay The case scenario under review by our team includes a contract law situation involving a board game company and a game inventor. Big Time Toymaker (BTT) is a board game company which develops, manufactures, and distributes board games, and Chou is the name of the inventor of a new strategy game. In this scenario, what began with a payment made from BTT to Chou for exclusive negotiating rights for 90 days, ended in a change in management at BTT, leading to their company no longer having interest in distributing Chou’s game. Several questions will be asked about the validity of the terms agreed upon by the parties involved, including at what point did the parties have a contract, and what role does the statute of frauds play in this contract? Our objective is to analyze the case scenario, including the previously stated questions, and provide the answers to those and other questions pertaining to the scenario and contract law. Question 1 At what point, if ever, did the parties have a contract? There was mutual agreement between Chou and BTT via verbal agreement, and a subsequent email verifying that an agreement had been tentatively reached. According to the terms of distribution between Chou and BTT a contract was only valid if formalized in writing. An argument may be made that three days prior to the 90 day time limit a mutual agreement was reached and valid via an E-contract law. There was mutual assent between both Chou and BTT. The argument for the other side will state there was never a formalized written contract from either Chou or BTT, only an email with a subject heading stating Strat Deal. Is the email a valid contract? Question 2 What facts may weigh in favor of or against Chou in terms of parties’ objective intent to contract? Facts show that BTT sent an email with a subject heading of Strat Deal with information stating that Chou and BTT have reached an agreement. The writing states that after months of no response from BTT and with no management in place the company no longer wishes to distribute Chou’s intellectual property. Chou was in compliance with BTT at all times regarding issues pertaining to Strat. Chou will allege that there was a contract between himself and BTT that was of mutual assent and under E-contract law the emails were valid. Question 3 Does the fact that the parties were communicating by email have any impact on your analysis in questions 1-2 above? According to CA Civil Code 1624, b 3, a, online contracts are endorsable even if writing is required by the statute of frauds. Communication of contracts is valid under E-contract law. There is no impact on analysis made of above stated questions because of online communication. Question 4 What role does the statute of frauds play in this contract? A key factor in any contract is acceptance, and in this case a verbal agreement had been reached three days before the exclusive negotiation right was expired. Chou then said he was going to draw up the contract. Big Time Toymaker (BTT) then sent Chou an email outlining all of the things that they had agreed upon that would be included in the contract. Seeing the email, Chou then assumed that this was the contract to be enforced and did not respond to BTT. Even though Chou received the email, he did not respond to it, thereby giving Chou the defense that silence is never acceptance. However, in E-contact law dictated by CA Civil Code 1624, b, 3, a, it says that online contracts are endorsable even if writing is required by the statute of frauds. In addition, the â€Å"Click On† or â€Å"Click Wrap† agreement clause states that these agreements are enforceable since the opportunity to read and acknowledge was given. The statutes of frauds do play a part in this contract due to the Uniform Commercial Code requiring that the statute of frauds applies to any contract for the sale of goods for $500 or more. However, the exact amount of â€Å"Strat† units that Big Time Toymaker (BTT) will sell or at what cost of each unit is unclear to the reader, it was described in detail in the email BTT sent to Chou. Question 5 Could BTT avoid this contract under the doctrine of mistake? Explain. The new management at BTT cannot avoid this contract under the doctrine of mistake because a mistake was not made by both Chou and the old management team. The mistake by Chou was accepting the email outline of the contract terms as an actual contract agreed to by both parties. Scienter applies to Chou in this case by accepting a seemingly legitimate contract. Would either party have any other defenses that would allow the contract to be avoided? The change of management brought about individuals bound to the same company as the old management team was, therefore, scienter applies to the new management team in privity. The draft sent from Chou and received by BTT is a negotiable instrument. BTT thereby becomes a holder in due course. The inaction of BTT after the draft was sent is in violation of the UCC requirement that all offers are to be open for a reasonable period of 90 days. Chou was under the impression that a contract had been made before that 90 days had expired. Chou has real defense as well as personal defense due to breach of contract and fraud. Question 6 Assuming, arguendo, that this e-mail does constitute an agreement, what consideration supports this agreement? By law, statute of frauds would support this agreement. Due to the terms, there cannot be a lawsuit that can be upheld on particular contracts or arrangements, except if it is written and signed by the authorized party or representative. Under the statute, certain kinds of contracts have to be in writing in order to be enforceable in a court of law (Contracts: Statute of Frauds, 2013). The writing also has to be signed by the person who is held responsible for the contract or by that persons agent. To evade the justification of the Statute of Frauds, one would need to make sure the contracts are in text and signed by the other party; so, if the opposing party does not hold his or her end of the agreement, one would gain from that particular party. Question Assuming BTT and Chou have a contract, and BTT has breached the contract by not distributing the game, discuss what remedies might or might not apply. It is obvious BTT’s manager did not think clearly about protecting BTT from liability. He carelessly wrote the emails, and his careless actions put BTT at risk. This led Chou to believe that this e-mail was meant to replace the earlier notion that he should draft a contract. Although the word contract was not ever used in the e-mail, it said that all of the terms had been agreed upon. The compensation would be awarded to Chou by the court in a civil action due to the wrongful conduct, being the breach from the other party, BTT. If the contract is breached by BTT, Chou will be granted equitable relief by the court, which comes in the form of specific performance, injunctive relief, or reformation. Monetary damages could also be in effect, in which they can be compensatory, resulting from a loss due to nonperformance. Also, consequential, which are indirect but to be expected from non-completion. Restitution would also take place that would be equivalent to total the party has been unfairly supplemented by the non-breaching party, and liquidated, which damages are a preset value rendering from the agreement. The compensatory damages for recovery Chou suffered by the non-breaching party would be the damages that would be awarded to the party in the same situation he would have been in if the other party had executed as agreed upon (Melvin, 2011). After review of the case scenario involving Big Time Toymaker and Chou the game inventor, we have concluded that not only was there a contract agreement between the parties, but that according to E-contract law, Chou may be bound by the terms included in the original email sent from BTT. In addition, the doctrine of mistake cannot be used in this situation because of scienter toward Chou and the old and new management of BTT. Several questions were asked of our team in accordance with contract law and the scenario provided by the textbook. This completes our analysis of the scenario and answers to the questions we were presented.

A Spiderman Movie Review

A Spiderman Movie Review This is an extravagant story of peter parker a character which displays no social skills. A Highschooler.who displayed nerd like qualities. Peter has a knack for adversity, he hasnt got much of a social life. While at a science exhibition, a accident occurs, a stray, altered Spider is unleashed into the lab unnoticed. The same Spider curiously finds its way onto him. Without the slightest clue, the venomous, malicious fangs pierced through his skin. Giving him superhuman abilities and power to any ordinary persons dreams. Its not every day you seemed to get bitten by a genetically-altered spider, gain superhuman strengths and gain the special 5th scent. Throughout this extraordinary experience he will find a thin line between and ordinary HighSchooler and an amazing superhero. He throughout the film has to be the one who crosses the line as he battles the likes of; green goblin. And attempts to win over his Childhood sweetheart, Mary Jane Watson. Peter Parker ( Tobey Maguire), A geeky high school student, living with this Aunt Mary ( Rosemary Harris) and his Uncle Ben ( Cliff Robertson) after the sudden death of his parents from when he was young. His Best friend Harry Osborne (James Franco) the father of Norman Osborne (William Dafoe) a Machiavellian technology tycoon. He went through high school. And certain of a career through science he interestingly had a passion for photography. He developed his hobbies and worked at the local newspapers with J.Johan Jameson (J.K Simmons) offering him a Job within his cooperation. From making this film into reality there comes big expectations and promising possibilities. Where they film scene was going to either make or break the film. What Sami Raimi has cleverly done it not completely remove the comic feel towards the film. They started filming on January 8, 2001, New York. The Big Apple. The wonders of New York just create an unexplainable feeling which embraces over the film creating a humoristic view, a view of a typical comic cal-like city. Big sky scrapers, typical American buses. Fascinating attractions of which makes the viewers prospective of the film even more convincing. They were able to film scene at the most well know areas. The New York public library, Queensboro Bridge, Rockefeller Centre. Its just that little details which enables the viewer to create a imagination for themselves. The majority of the film is inspired by the special effects, visual and audio effects. To achieve such a high standard Sony hired John Dykstra, They would of found it physically impossible to create the stunts without the expertise of His. They tried not to completely rely on computer generated ideas. Throughout the film they use different camera views, different speeds, Within many Sami Raimi film he trends not to rely on computer animation technology so much, to keep the film as realistic as possible with also the comical view towards it they intended the keep the computer animation to a all time low. I regard this film very highly, its a very well written script from Sami Raimi, I rate this film at 8/10. Throughout the film there a consistently high standard of filming, its a extremely entertaining movie with action and humour, but this doesnt compare to similar films to gladiators, It was overall a absolute joy to view.

Heart Essay -- essays research papers

Coronary Artery Disease Heart Disease Heart disease can take many forms. The form of heart disease I am focusing on is coronary disease. Different arteries supply different areas of the heart with oxygenated blood. If one or more of these arteries become narrowed or clogged as a result of coronary artery disease, or atherscelorosis the artery cannot fully supply the part of the heart it is responsible for. The heart is an effective pump only when good blood supply is maintained to all heart muscles. If an artery becomes so clogged that blood cannot flow through it, the result is chest pain which could progress to a heart attack, or myocardial infarction (MI). "Myocardial" is a medical term that means "having to do with the heart" or "heart muscle". "Infarct" is a medical term for tissue death. During a myocardial infarction, the portion of the heart that is supposed to get blood from the diseased artery dies. However, cardiologists are trained to recognize symptoms like chest pain, shortness of breath, and fatigue of coronary artery disease in patients before the symptoms becomes severe. A cardiologist is often able to treat coronary disease before it causes an MI. – http://myweb.com/contents/dmk_article396168 Coronary Artery Disease Healthy arteries are flexible, strong, and elastic. Their inner layer is smooth and blood flows freely. As you get older, your arteries become thicker, less elastic, and deposits build in them. This leads to a general hardening of the arteries, which is also called atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis or arteriosclerosis is the main cause of coronary artery disease. Atherosclerosis or arteriosclerosis is the gradual buildup of cholesterol inside the artery. When this happens in a coronary artery, the space inside the artery where blood flows becomes narrow, making it difficult for blood to flow freely. The result is less blood flow through the artery and less blood supply to heart tissue. Symptoms can include chest pain, shortness of breath, and fatigue that can be mild, or abrupt and severe, such as a heart attack. –http://www.heartpoint.com Symptoms of Coronary Disease More than 6 million Americans have symptoms due to coronary artery disease (CAD). As many as 1.5 million Americans will have a heart attack this year. As a result, almost one-third will die. The most dramatic symptom of... ... LDL and total cholesterol levels. Â · Eat only small amounts of sweets. Â · Eat 1 to 2 servings of fish or seafood each week if you have coronary artery disease. People with coronary artery disease seem to benefit from eating fish and seafood. Â · Cook with garlic. Several studies have shown that garlic reduces LDL cholesterol and lowers blood pressure. Â · Eat moderate amounts of nuts that are rich in monounsaturated fat, like hazelnuts, almonds, pecans, cashews, walnuts and macadamia nuts. These nuts have been shown to improve cholesterol levels. Avoid eating nuts by the handful. Instead, garnish food with one tablespoon of chopped nuts per person. What else can I do if I have coronary artery disease? Besides changing your diet, you should talk to your doctor about an exercise program that's right for you. If you smoke, quit. If you're overweight, try to lose weight (changing your diet and exercising will help you lose weight). Talk with your doctor about reducing other risk factors, such as high blood pressure or diabetes. – Dr. Donnely; Cody Family Practice Center

Respect Is Earned

Respect is something that must be earned and in return the same will be give n to you. An individual should not just automatically be given respect because of who they are, what they wear, how old they are or even by their status in society. Call me crazy but rest peck is gained through trust and experience with a person and this believe. You might ask why would I say such a thing well let me explain. First day of school and I'm sitting in first period. I'm the only person there beck cause the bell hasn't rung yet.A few minutes later the warning bell rings and kids start t o fall through the door as if there was a disease spreading through the halls. Soon after the final I bell rings and we're ready to begin class, but something is missing, or should I say someone. The teacher is late! Now I try to be openhanded as to why a teacher would be late on the firs t day, but something didn't rub me the right way. Ten minutes later in walks the teacher or some guy that think is the teacher, but by the way he's dressed he might be from the circus.He has on wetlands and a baggy this that looks like his dog had a field day with it. N to to mention he smells like the trash under a teenage boys' bed. Think to myself maybe I'm b Ewing too judgmental, so I back off a little as he explains his morning. The details of his explanation are much too graphic to write in such a formal piece, but will say he knows how t o party. Now in a perfect world every adult deserves respect, but we don't live in a per effect world (at least I don't). Society makes you feel as if you have to respect everyone you come in contact with.You must be open minded and kindhearted to the idea of respecting eve Renee, but in reality who ever does? Was taught to respect all my teachers and those above e me. The question have for you is how can you respect someone you barely know. To make ma otters worse they don't even make the effort Of being on time, they don't kick at least half pres notable, they smell like raw fish and because they partied too hard the night before they were to o hung-over to wake up for school the next morning.I have the answer for you, in case you weren't sure, YOU DON'T! Yes everyone should be treated with kindness. I also think every individual De serves the chance to earn respect but unfortunately not everyone deserves respect. If the at was the case there would be no reason for rules and laws for us to live by. Respect is something I value and in order to get respect from me, regardless of who you are, how much money you ma eek, what kind of car you drive, you MUST show me that I can give you such a priceless thing and the is I believe.

How to Use Transition Words in Academic Writings - Paperell.com

How to Use Transition Words in Academic Writings How to Use Transition Words in Academic Writings What Are Transition Words?Transition words refer to words or phrases that join sentences and paragraphs together smoothly without causing abrupt jumps or breaks between ideas. They are either words or phrases that connect one idea to the other.In the English Language they are vital because they connect ideas, introduce a certain shift, contrast or opposition, emphasis or agreement, purpose, result or conclusion and so on. Interestingly, all transition words and phrases perform different functions.List of Transition Words with ExamplesListed above are few of the transition words to use in an essay or essays. There are numerous transition words and they all could be confusing if not categorized. See below them organized by categories based on purpose: Additive CategoryAdditive category compared to others is the largest of all four categories and subdivided into six groups as explained below:Addition transition words add value to sentences. Examples include indeed, also, in addition, as a matter of fact, alternatively, in fact, and, too, nor, furthermore, moreover, actually, etc.Example: I hate snakes; as a matter of fact, I hate all reptiles.Introduction transition words are transition words to use at the beginning of a paragraph to introduce thoughts perfectly e.g. for instance, particularly, by way of example, including, to illustrate, especially, such as, for example, notably, like, as, in particular,Example: For example, reptiles include snakes, lizards, iguanas, crocodiles, alligators etc.Reference transition words attract the attention of readers to the object of discourse. Examples include speaking about, as for (this), concerning (this), the fact that, etc.Example: The fact that human beings evolve from chimpanzees according to Darwin has been proven wrong.Similarity transition words link two objects with similar characteristics or features. Importantly, they add stylistic perfection to writes include either way, whichever happens, in either case, in any case, all the same, at any rate,etc.Example: In any case, the value of gravity on earth will always be 10 m/s2.Replacement transition words define the connection between objects in a sentence. For effect, you can use them smartly when writing academic articles or papers. Examples of these include (or) at least, instead, (or) rather etc.Example: For lunch, I would have cake or at least doughnuts.Causal CategoryThe causal category addresses causes include for the purpose of, in order that, so that, lest, to the end that, with this in mind, etc.Example: I heard a creepy sound in my basement last night; so, with this in mind, I armed myself with a torchlight and a baseball bat ready for action.Consequence transition words explain results of actions e.g. under those circumstances,then, in that case, if not, otherwise etc.Example: With the sparkplug dead and the radiator out, under those circumstances, it would be a miracle for that car to run.Condition transition words help readers to un derstand the logical flow of academic works or research papers e.g. provided that, in the event that, as/so long as, unless, even if, only if, given that, etc.Example: As long as the President remains in power, protests will continue.Sequential CategoryThe sequential elements illustrate the sequence of events and can divide words thus:Numerical transition words underline the strength of thoughts in sentences (logically. Examples include in the (first, second, etc.) place, initially, first of all, to start with etc.Example: First, I would like you to state your mission here, and second, explain why so early.Continuation transition words draw the continuity between objects, thoughts, actions and so on for logically connection and better understanding. Examples include subsequently, previously, next, before (this), afterwards, then, and so on.Example: Previously, we discussed evolution and now we proceed with its theories.Conclusion transition words are used to derive conclusions. You can use them in articles, research work etc. They add forcefulness to the conclusions. Examples include to conclude (with), finally, at last, lastly, eventually, as a final point etc.Example: To conclude, I would like to draw a connection between apes and humans.Digression transition words change the topic of the sentence or discussion to other essential information. Examplesinclude incidentally, by the way, to change the topic, and so on.Example: To change the topic, let us talk about you for a second.Resumption transition words add stylistic accent to sentences or statements. However, do not overuse them becauseyour writing will be watery. They include to get back to the point, to resume, anyway, anyhow, at any rate, to return to the subject etc fall under this category.Example: Anyway, with that out of the way, let us continue with the discussion. Summation transition words are used to summarize information in a writing. Examples include as we previously stated, so, consequently, in summary, thus, as has been noted, to put it briefly, hence, in conclusion, altogether, therefore and so on.Example: As we previously stated, transition sets puts professional touch in your writing.How to Use Transition WordsTransition words and phrases form imperative parts of articles, papers, presentations etc. They, of course, give logical organization and structure to literary works. Besides the importance of transition sets or phrases, their usage is more important.The wrong usage would render your article useless, hence its importance. All English transition words and phrases are sometimes also called conjunctive adverbs. Since they link two words, phrases or clauses, they have the same function as coordinating conjunctions.To use transition words effectively, you must adhere to the special rules of usage punctuation. Insert a semicolon or full stop after the initial sentence. Then almost always add a comma to separate the transition word from the second sentence.Example 1:Children spent most of their free time playing; however, they are forced to be productive when adults are around.At other times, transition phrases can begin a sentence and, in that case, add a comma (if needed) after it.Example 2:In conclusion, transition words add color and life to essays.Note also that when using a semicolon to connect sentences, ensure that the group of words on either side of the semicolon can stand alone i.e. they must be complete sentences with a subject and a verb.Wrapping upTransition sets enriches writings, therefore select good transition words to use in essays or academic papers. In conclusion, avoid over-use, wrong usage and know when to use transition words.

Tabula rasa Essay Example

Tabula rasa Essay Example Tabula rasa Paper Tabula rasa Paper The role of genetics, the environment, the child, and the need for past as prologue What does the past as prologue mean? The degree to which it is deemed necessary to consider the past to understand the present What does the born this way model emphasize? Role of genetics in development What does the born this way model discredit? The environment What did behaviorism represent? Children as passive recipients of colonization influences Which model was the most popular when Pigged first came into the picture? Nurture model Who said that humans are blank slates? John Locke What is the term used for blank slate? Tabular Rasa What does the blank slate theory mean? Individuals are built without built-in mental content and that their knowledge moms from experience and perception What did Watson believe to be true about why children develop the way that they do? Observing children, rather than speculating on their ancestry Did Watson agree with John Lockers blank slate theory? Yes What was Watson view on development in general? Complex motives and behaviors can be built upon via classical conditioning What was the study Watson used to prove his point? Little Albert and conditioned fear Watson famous quote was known for what? No matter who you are and where you come from, you can turn into anything What is classical conditioning? The association of some behaviors with specific stimuli and even show how some stimuli that now elicit responses might not have done so once in the past How did Watson make the little boy afraid of rats? He made an obnoxious sound every time the boy reached for the rat, he was not afraid of rats before but became so with time Why was classical conditioning not a successful theory? Hard to test scientifically, absurdly complicated as an explanation for motivated behavior (usually just a simple emotional response) What did skinner believe to be true about how children develop? The environment was primary source of explanation for behavior, useless to study the brain and thinking processes What did skinner emphasize the most when it came to understanding thoughts? We have brains, but you did not need to understand thoughts to understand behavior What did skinner call thought? The black box What did skinner believe to be true about understanding behavior? Relations between what goes on in the environment and how the organism behaves What was different about what Watson believed and what skinner believed? Skinner didnt think that classical conditioning was all that important , he leveled that behavior is predicted by rewards and punishments What is reinforcement? Things happen more frequently if they are rewarded What is extinction? When rewards are taken away, the behavior IS likely to stop happening What is punishment? Instead of something satisfying happening, something adverse followed What did bandeau believe to be true about development? People learn things observationally and imitating others (role model) What is the critical distinction in knowledge and performance? Even if we know how to do something we dont always do it What did bandeau believe about the brain? Behavior is cognitively based What did bandeau believe to be the most powerful motive in development? Self-efficacy: ones belief in his/her ability to control their own life, (it is not what they know but what they believe about themselves) What the dominant model in the mid asss? Environmental model What was the name of the dominant model before Pigged? Mechanistic child: children develop as a machine, predictable What did Pigged assume about a child? Active participant, relationship with the world is adaptive, child is creating equilibrium, constrained by what the child already knows What kind of thinkers did Pigged believe children were? Fundamentally different kind of thinkers, not just inexperienced and immature Pigged on A-not-B? ; Babies fail at this task because they do not have the concept of Object permanence. For 8-1 a-month-olds, an object is acting and sensing. Its location, the search itself, is part of the object, Babies older than 12 months, succeed at the task because they are able to form and abstract mental representation of the object. What was the key to Piglets behavior about young children? Young children were simply not less skilled or learned about denied objects, they cannot separate the concept of an object from the actions it takes to retrieve it from under a cloth (A Not Be) What is the self- determination theory? While people are often motivated to act by external rewards such as money, prizes, and acclaim (known as extrinsic motivation), self-determination theory focuses primarily on internal sources of motivation such as a need to gain knowledge or independence (known as intrinsic motivation). According to self-determination theory, people need to feel the following in order to achieve such psychological growth Competence: People need to gain mastery f tasks and learn different skills Connection or Relatedness: People need to experience a sense of belonging and attachment to other people.

Nafta and Mercosur essays

Nafta and Mercosur essays While still in office, President Bill Clinton emerged from a meeting with 33 Western Hemisphere leaders and made an ambitious pledge. By 2005, he promised, a ''Free Trade Area of the Americas would stretch from Alaska to Argentina'' and ''will be the world's largest market.'' He had the idea of combining all trading blocks and emerging as one huge western connection. The question now remains, should the new President strive to accomplish the goal of Clinton? Would the combination of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) and the South American Common Market (MERCOSUR) be a good idea, or even possible? Would it be in our best interests to link ourselves in contract with not only Canada and Mexico but Brazil, Argentina, Paraguay and Uruguay as well? The answer is definitely yes. As it is now, NAFTA is starting to fail in many peoples eyes. Though it has brought success to some, it has caused distress for most. The inclusion of the South American countries and the MERCOSUR ways could only make the United States more successful economically. To understand why things need to change in order to better our economy we must first know the background information. On January 1st, 1994, the North American Free Trade Agreement went into effect, creating the worlds largest free trade area. Among the main objectives is the liberalization of trade between Canada, Mexico and the United States, to stimulate economic growth and give the NAFTA countries equal access to each others markets. Some of the promised benefits were 200,000 new U.S. jobs from NAFTA per year, higher wages in Mexico, a growing U.S. trade surplus with Mexico, environmental clean-up and improved health along the border. The most important feature of NAFTA that would benefit the people is employment and the promise that NAFTA would create hundreds of thousands of new, high paying jobs. There was also a promise that wages in Mexico would increase due t...

Art Piece Anotation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Art Piece Anotation - Essay Example Falconet continued with hard work in sculpturing and he was successful in developing his first sculpture by the name Milo of Crotone (In French it is Milon de Crotone) (Artfinding.com, 2006). This successful bit of art made Falconet very famous and immediately he was absorbed and became a member of â€Å"Academie des beaux-arts† in the year 1754 (Artfinding.com, 2006). This was the royal academy of painting and sculpture that only had prominent outstanding painters and sculpture of the time being appointed to be members. Due to his hard work, the sculptures he developed between the year 1755 to 1757 made him get appointed to be the director of sculpture workshops in that royal academy. This sculpture is a figure of a great legend known as Milo of Crotone. This was a real life portrait of a Grecian wrestler of the 6th century; who was born in a town called Magna Grecian city of Croton in southern Italy (Djibnet.com, 2011). Milo was a great wrestler who at all time enjoyed the career since he always won. In addition to this, Milo was also an athlete and had won many wrestling and athletics competitions during important festivals of ancient Greece (Djibnet.com, 2011). Moreover, Milo is also remembered for his role in leading his fellow citizens to a military triumph in 510 B.C. over their neighbors in Sybaris (Djibnet.com, 2011). Milo was also associated with another Crotonean Pythagoras who was once saved by Milo from a collapsing roof (Djibnet.com, 2011). In repayment Milo was given the daughter of Pythagoras called Myia. His name became very famous and the greatest complement was on his strength and power. This is the main theme portrayed in most of his statues developed by most artists. It should be noted that the sculpture of Milon de Crotone is entirely constructed from the artistic literature demonstrating Milo’s power, strength and his painful death. Milo’s legendary strength and unique death have currently

Digital Marketing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words - 1

Digital Marketing - Essay Example In the past Clarks has overcome challenges such as volatile market conditions, lack of financial flexibility as well as questionable planning and today, through extensive employment of digital marketing, Clarks is one of the largest private companies in the united kingdom and with massive global presence (Jones, 2012 p, 192-193). According to Tran (2012), Clarks’ products have a good reputation for high quality and are available in the latest fashions. The products have a good reputation for high quality and are available in the latest fashions. In the changing footwear industry, Clarks always comes with refreshing brands. The launch of online business has been a success for the company in building its international brand. Clarks has three main distinctive products that include the Desert Boot, Wallabee and desert Trek. The main feature for Clarks shoes is that they have unique comfort. Clarks designs and manufactures shoes that are uniquely styled, comfortable and of premium quality. Its concept of comfort in footwear dates back to 1960 when the company designed the Moccasin-inspired Wallabee. It was the most comfortable shoe in the world. Today, the Wallabees and the iconic desert Boots still sell at the company stores. Today, Clarks shoes that classified into different categories. They include Clarks walking shoes, Clarks’ casual shoes as well as Clarks business casual shoes. There are many other unstructured collections of shoes for men, women, boys and girls. The company’s product line includes boots, slippers, sandals, casual and sport shoes as well as bags (Jones, 2012 p, 192-193). Digital marketing strategy had been a drive towards the realization of massive digital presence for the company. It all begun in 2010 after the appointment of the current CEO, Melissa Potter, who drove the re-organization of the company’s business operations. Most importantly he launched online business for the company, and it has made Clarks a

What you learned about the larger field of art Essay

What you learned about the larger field of art - Essay Example Anthony Janson et al. (2010) did very interesting works in his book, the History of Art when he wrote this book. From the day I read it, I realized the value of art and appreciated it so much. I read every section of this great book that enters into the minds and hearts of its readers. Since history, artists have been keeping visual records. The neoclassic and romantic artists used the chisel and paintbrush to create an impression of the current vents of those times. These artists did not merely wait to be commissioned by rich families to do the work of art. Their passion in art gave birth to more artists. Art is rich in depth and inspires. The little fertility goddess that is mentioned in the book and the extravagant styles of Baroque and Rococco inspires a lot (Janson et al. 22). One of the most interesting works in the history of art is the picture of Adam and Eve. The picture tells the story of the Garden of Eden from the beginning when God put man on it. The story goes on to the time when man was expelled away from that garden. The story comes to the point where the Master ensures HIS place in history. The theme represented in the book captures the rise and fall of great and women in the Middle Ages. The book is copiously illustrated and provides a schema from which varying periods of art can be learnt. It provides useful information that can be used for the development of various scholarly researches on art. The History of Art captures Western in most works that have been included in it. Thus, it had some bias towards other works of art from different countries (Janson et al. 45). Towards the end, the book is rather apologetic and gives a halfhearted nod to Asian Art. I have been interested in art and I found this book useful for my development in the art industry more than I thought. I read the book from cover to cover and became interested in all the

Compare and contrast two artworks Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Compare and contrast two artworks - Essay Example More than rationale and thought of the artwork, romanticism gives focus and concentration on the storytelling and the mood behind every art piece (Romanticism para 3). Having said these facts, an individual usually and commonly thinks of romanticism as a style having overflowing sensibilities and personalities rather than a style possessing only a distinct taste which could make it a stand-out as compared to other art forms. As matter of fact, artists cultivating the romantic style do not share a special and discrete form of approaches in order to come up with a finished product. What is so special with romantic artists is their excellent use of their individualistic differences and understandings to promote a piece of art. In the minimum, romantic artists are linked by individualism as well as of freedom of expression. These characteristics, in many ways, break the convention set by the contemporary art. On one hand, Venetian Renaissance artworks as compared to romanticist art forms do not even concern feelings and intimacy but are more focused with politics and religion in the entirety. Venetian Renaissance is characterized mainly by rich colors and textures which symbolizes excellent and good changing economic stability and trade. In its deepest meaning, the artworks during the Venetian Renaissance era talks and depicts more about secularization and anti-religiosity. Also, base from a number of reasons which involve wealth, abundance, success, prosperity and affluence, the Venetian art focuses more of its understanding towards earthly pleasures, jovial way of living and myths (Kleiner 485). For this paper, I have decided to look with Jean Auguste Dominique Ingres’ Grand Odalisque painted in 1814 using the romantic art style. Also, I would be examining Titian’s Venus of Urbino painted in 1538 during when the Venetian Renaissance art style flourishes at its finest all throughout Europe. I have decided to examine these two classic works since they both depict and project a seemingly similar understanding and comprehension about women and the characteristics associated with the female race but in a totally different viewpoint and perspective. As can be seen in the Grand Odalisque by Ingres, the woman is depicted and portrayed as a passive element of resistance. As part of the intrigue in the artwork, you can see that there is something passionate and striking about the artwork’s personification and over-all impact. Seeing through the woman’s eyes, you can sense no fear about what is all happening in the background. In fact, the woman is so calm and very comfortable being nude and showing off with no clothes. Having said those facts, I believe that the portrayal and depiction of the whole artwork is so magnificent and extraordinary that it can efficiently talk across with the observer. It is very consistent in the narrative that it wants to translate, this is since it has been very effective in telling a story ab out an odalisque, which in common terms pertain to a concubine or a prostitute, having no choice to become anyone else but to be slaves for manly pleasure and sex. As stated above, the main character is an odalisque. And that fact is so important in order to understand more the nature of the art piece before being able to identify how similar and different it is to other artworks. Why so? Mainly because, the nature of the odalisque says it all what should the

Employment prospects beyond the year 2010 Term Paper

Employment prospects beyond the year 2010 - Term Paper Example The wide extent of policy actions applied by different governments during the beginning of the recession has helped stabilize financial markets and advance faster recovery, but there are still structural problems that should be conquered, and this happens to be the more challenging aspect of addressing systemic causes of the recession (United Nations, 2011, p.1). For instance, even when the banking sector made some progress in disposing some problematic assets, it is still susceptible to multiple risks. Those risks can further depreciate real estate markets, distress sovereign debt markets, and reinforce low credit growth (United Nations, 2011, p.1). Many developing countries and economies in transition, however, are demonstrating more positive signs of growth, since the third quarter of 2009 (United Nations, 2011, p.1). A strong economic rebound has been posted by emerging economies in Asia and Latin America, chiefly China, India and Brazil (United Nations, 2011, p.1). These countri es mostly used policy buffers, such as sufficient fiscal space and foreign-exchange reserves, to generate â€Å"aggressive stimulus packages† (United Nations, 2011, p.1). ... Constant high levels of unemployment, with rising numbers of workers who lacked jobs for protracted periods, are holding back private consumption demand (United Nations, 2011, p.1). They also contribute to escalating housing foreclosures, which are adding to the frailty of the financial system (United Nations, 2011, p.1). High unemployment and underemployment also harm public finances too (United Nations, 2011, p.1). This paper will explore the employment prospects beyond 2010 for the United States, Europe, and Asia. Employment Prospects The financial fragility of global economic conditions has affected remunerative employment growth and the latter stands for the â€Å"weakest link in the recovery† (United Nations, 2011, p.10). From 2007 to the end of 2009, around 30 million lost their jobs due to the global financial crisis (United Nations, 2011, p.10). This figure is said to even underestimate the entire intensity of the job crisis, since it relies on official labor statisti cs, which for numerous developing countries, only make up the formal sector employment in urban areas, and so it indicates that there is unrecorded unemployed found in low-productivity and unofficial rural economic activities (United Nations, 2011, p.10). The economic output, especially for developed countries, remain below expected rates, and slow economic growth did not provide enough jobs to hire back all those who lost their jobs since the recession took place (United Nations, 2011, p.10). Furthermore, governments that continue to follow fiscal tightening, which comprises of tax hikes and spending cuts, only depreciate possibilities of greater employment growth rates (United Nations, 2011, p.10). Some developed economies,

Project Managing Marketing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

Project Managing Marketing - Essay Example In other areas, health reforms are being pushed by health organizations to encourage healthy living that advised people to avoid fats and to eat only healthy foods. As these issues are closely linked to the operations that would eventually affect profitability of the KFC, a change of marketing plan that definesits corporate responsibility to its stakeholders is needed. Corporate social responsibility (CSR) has been defined as â€Å"the concept that an organization has obligations not just to conduct its business and adhere to legal guidelines, but also to look out for the welfare of â€Å"†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. the community, and society at large† (ecomii, N. d.). CSR is also viewed as a PR device to gain good favor from customers, and in some point refers to corporate ethics and good governance. As such, a new marketing plan is designed in order to improve the image of the KFC and increase its profitability. This will address the ethical problems in use of caged chicken and a chang e of direction that illustrates KFC markets and the strategies it is going to use to continue to attract customers and to create a solid revenue system for the company. In effect, this marketing plan is a strategy that determines exactly what the market wants – and coming up with a plan that will satisfy its wants. Organizational structure Kentucky Fried Chicken (KFC) is well known restaurant chains when it comes to chicken. The company’s headquarters are found at Kentucky (where it derived its name) in the U.S. As per company record, KFC has over eleven thousand restaurants located in over eighty countries of world. Some of the countries served outside U.S. are UK, China, Thailand, Kuwait, Spain and Barbados, Puerto Rico, Pakistan and many others. The major product of the company is chicken served in various forms such chunky chicken hot pie, chicken fillets, chicken sandwiches among others. KFC has a total of 300 sets of menus being served in its outlets. As part of YUM! brand that operates a global restaurant system, KFC teams up with other restaurants like Pizza Hut and Taco bell brands (About Us). 1.1. Vision The vision of the marketing plan is to provide customers the ultimate satisfaction of eating healthy foods and to provide choices that respond to their tastes and budget. KFC does this by giving customers options between organic and non-organic chickens in the menu that customers can easily order in many KFC restaurants found worldwide. Management will be committed to the success of the plan and is willing to spend for the necessary resources for its successful implementation; that the marketing plan is in the context of the organization’s overall business plan and that the people in the organization down to the supply chain will share a similar view to the marketing function. 1.3. Objectives The overall objectives of the marketing plan is to create a new corporate image that projects KFC as sustaining ethics in animal welfare as part of its corporate social responsibility to its stakeholder and ultimately increase its profitability Replying to the demands of PETA and other animal welfare pressure groups, the use of organic chicken is proposed along with the standard chicken menu used by KFC in its restaurants. Advantages in using organic chicken are: it is healthy, tastes better and safe to eat. An organic chicken, as opposed to caged chicken, is not fed

Compare and contrast two artworks Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Compare and contrast two artworks - Essay Example More than rationale and thought of the artwork, romanticism gives focus and concentration on the storytelling and the mood behind every art piece (Romanticism para 3). Having said these facts, an individual usually and commonly thinks of romanticism as a style having overflowing sensibilities and personalities rather than a style possessing only a distinct taste which could make it a stand-out as compared to other art forms. As matter of fact, artists cultivating the romantic style do not share a special and discrete form of approaches in order to come up with a finished product. What is so special with romantic artists is their excellent use of their individualistic differences and understandings to promote a piece of art. In the minimum, romantic artists are linked by individualism as well as of freedom of expression. These characteristics, in many ways, break the convention set by the contemporary art. On one hand, Venetian Renaissance artworks as compared to romanticist art forms do not even concern feelings and intimacy but are more focused with politics and religion in the entirety. Venetian Renaissance is characterized mainly by rich colors and textures which symbolizes excellent and good changing economic stability and trade. In its deepest meaning, the artworks during the Venetian Renaissance era talks and depicts more about secularization and anti-religiosity. Also, base from a number of reasons which involve wealth, abundance, success, prosperity and affluence, the Venetian art focuses more of its understanding towards earthly pleasures, jovial way of living and myths (Kleiner 485). For this paper, I have decided to look with Jean Auguste Dominique Ingres’ Grand Odalisque painted in 1814 using the romantic art style. Also, I would be examining Titian’s Venus of Urbino painted in 1538 during when the Venetian Renaissance art style flourishes at its finest all throughout Europe. I have decided to examine these two classic works since they both depict and project a seemingly similar understanding and comprehension about women and the characteristics associated with the female race but in a totally different viewpoint and perspective. As can be seen in the Grand Odalisque by Ingres, the woman is depicted and portrayed as a passive element of resistance. As part of the intrigue in the artwork, you can see that there is something passionate and striking about the artwork’s personification and over-all impact. Seeing through the woman’s eyes, you can sense no fear about what is all happening in the background. In fact, the woman is so calm and very comfortable being nude and showing off with no clothes. Having said those facts, I believe that the portrayal and depiction of the whole artwork is so magnificent and extraordinary that it can efficiently talk across with the observer. It is very consistent in the narrative that it wants to translate, this is since it has been very effective in telling a story ab out an odalisque, which in common terms pertain to a concubine or a prostitute, having no choice to become anyone else but to be slaves for manly pleasure and sex. As stated above, the main character is an odalisque. And that fact is so important in order to understand more the nature of the art piece before being able to identify how similar and different it is to other artworks. Why so? Mainly because, the nature of the odalisque says it all what should the

Project Managing Marketing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

Project Managing Marketing - Essay Example In other areas, health reforms are being pushed by health organizations to encourage healthy living that advised people to avoid fats and to eat only healthy foods. As these issues are closely linked to the operations that would eventually affect profitability of the KFC, a change of marketing plan that definesits corporate responsibility to its stakeholders is needed. Corporate social responsibility (CSR) has been defined as â€Å"the concept that an organization has obligations not just to conduct its business and adhere to legal guidelines, but also to look out for the welfare of â€Å"†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. the community, and society at large† (ecomii, N. d.). CSR is also viewed as a PR device to gain good favor from customers, and in some point refers to corporate ethics and good governance. As such, a new marketing plan is designed in order to improve the image of the KFC and increase its profitability. This will address the ethical problems in use of caged chicken and a chang e of direction that illustrates KFC markets and the strategies it is going to use to continue to attract customers and to create a solid revenue system for the company. In effect, this marketing plan is a strategy that determines exactly what the market wants – and coming up with a plan that will satisfy its wants. Organizational structure Kentucky Fried Chicken (KFC) is well known restaurant chains when it comes to chicken. The company’s headquarters are found at Kentucky (where it derived its name) in the U.S. As per company record, KFC has over eleven thousand restaurants located in over eighty countries of world. Some of the countries served outside U.S. are UK, China, Thailand, Kuwait, Spain and Barbados, Puerto Rico, Pakistan and many others. The major product of the company is chicken served in various forms such chunky chicken hot pie, chicken fillets, chicken sandwiches among others. KFC has a total of 300 sets of menus being served in its outlets. As part of YUM! brand that operates a global restaurant system, KFC teams up with other restaurants like Pizza Hut and Taco bell brands (About Us). 1.1. Vision The vision of the marketing plan is to provide customers the ultimate satisfaction of eating healthy foods and to provide choices that respond to their tastes and budget. KFC does this by giving customers options between organic and non-organic chickens in the menu that customers can easily order in many KFC restaurants found worldwide. Management will be committed to the success of the plan and is willing to spend for the necessary resources for its successful implementation; that the marketing plan is in the context of the organization’s overall business plan and that the people in the organization down to the supply chain will share a similar view to the marketing function. 1.3. Objectives The overall objectives of the marketing plan is to create a new corporate image that projects KFC as sustaining ethics in animal welfare as part of its corporate social responsibility to its stakeholder and ultimately increase its profitability Replying to the demands of PETA and other animal welfare pressure groups, the use of organic chicken is proposed along with the standard chicken menu used by KFC in its restaurants. Advantages in using organic chicken are: it is healthy, tastes better and safe to eat. An organic chicken, as opposed to caged chicken, is not fed

The Physics of a Guitar Essay Example for Free

The Physics of a Guitar Essay The guitar is the most played instrument in the music world. The oldest surviving guitar is thought to be made around 1776 in Italy by Gaetano Vinaccia. Though, the guitar looks like a simple instrument to construct or play there is a lot of physics behind the creation of it, from the strings to the air inside, the anatomy, and the sound spectrum. There are three types of guitars that are made: nylon acoustic, steel-string, and electric. Acoustic guitars produce sound due to a complicated interaction called coupling. Coupling refers to the interaction between two or more vibrating elements. It depends on geometry, sound frequency, and the materials that are used to make it. There are 3 parts to how a guitar works: the strings, body, and the air inside. The pitch of the string vibrating depends in four things. If the strings are the vibration will be slower. The frequency can be changes by string tension by turning the pegs on the guitar. Also, the frequency depends on how long the string that is free to vibrate and finally the mode of vibration. The body of the guitar is to transmit the vibration of the bridge into the vibration of the air. It needs a relatively large surface area for the vibration of both the bridge and air. The body of the guitar is usually made of spruce wood or a light springy wood and it’s about 2. 5 mm thickness. The top plate is made so that it can vibrate up and down easily enough. Now, the inside of the plate has a series of bridges that strengthen the plate. Those braces will also affect the way in which the top plate vibrates. The air inside of the body of the guitar is important, especially for the lower rang on the instrument. That air is also coupled effectively to the lowest resonance of the top plate. There is something called the Helmholtz resonance, which is due to the air at the sound hole oscillating. That is driven by the springiness of the air inside of the body. Air is springy, if it’s compressed the pressure increases which can vibrate like a mass on a spring. A guitar’s sound board is the most important element in sound production and displays resonant modes, similar to strings/pipes. Though there are two differences between a guitar strings/pipes. First, the sound board can be considered 2 dimensional in a guitar, while the other would be 1 dimensional. Second, the frequency of the resonant modes generally does not follow a simple harmonic progression. To observe the resonance modes of the soundboard there are various ways. Optically: holographic, interferometry, and laser velocimetry which has a laser beam that is reflected off various points on the soundboard. Acoustically, that had an array of microphone or a single microphone while scanning the area that detects various peaks in sound intensity while the guitar is excited. Electronically, it examines the capacitance between a charged plate on the vibrating soundboard and another charged plate held steady. Lastly mechanically, an accelerometer/ velocity transducer with which the mechanically vibrations are measured directly. Most of the sounds are made of a complicated mixture of vibrations. The sound spectrum is a representation of a sound in the terms of an amount of vibration at each of the individual frequency. It’s presented as a graph of either power or pressure that is a function of frequency. The sound spectra are usually measured using a couple different things. They use a microphone that measures the sound pressure over a certain interval, analogue that is a digital converter which converts this to a series of numbers as a function of time, and a computer which performs a calculation upon those numbers.

Manoeuvre Warfare Is Not A War History Essay

Manoeuvre Warfare Is Not A War History Essay 2. Doctrinal Base. Manoeuvre warfare has been adopted as the doctrinal basis for various Western armies. The Indian Army has been loosely following it in both theory as well as practice for quite some time, but is still grappling to adopt it as basis of our war fighting philosophy. It would take more than rhetoric to actually transform this concept into practice; there remains a lot of confusion as to what exactly it entails. Out of the many existing definitions only few are capable of concisely and clearly defining what Manoeuvre warfare is and how one does it. Manoeuvre is more of a philosophical approach to campaign design and execution than an arrangement of tactical engagements. Art and philosophy are often the most common terms describing the concept and definition of Manoeuvre warfare. It can be described as the art of tactics concerned with creation of battle array, decision making and understanding the human dimension rather than a science associated with techniques, procedu res and capabilities, 3. Difficult to Understand. Being an art associated with philosophical concept of war fighting; it leaves a lot to the interpretation and understanding of a theorist whose vision is generally obscured by his basic psyche, experience and the knowledge base available to him or his capability to grasp the concept of Manoeuvre. More often than not one acts on the lines of six blind men who wanted to describe an elephant and each used his imagination according to the part of elephant he was touching: So six blind men of Hindustan Disputed loud and long, Each in his own opinion Exceeding stiff and strong; Though each was partly in the right, They all were in the wrong! Applicability yet Of Manoeuvre Warfare 4. Spatial concept? Manoeuvre is traditionally thought of as a spatial concept which is used to gain positional advantage. The US Marine concept of manoeuvre warfare however is war fighting philosophy that seeks to shatter the enemys cohesion through a variety of rapid, focused, and unexpected actions which create a turbulent and rapidly deteriorating situation with which the enemy cannot cope.  [2]  The manual further says: This is not to imply that firepower is unimportant. On the contrary, firepower is central to manoeuvre warfare. Nor do we mean to imply that we will pass up the opportunity to physically destroy the enemy. We will concentrate fires and forces at decisive points to destroy enemy elements when the opportunity presents itself and when it fits our larger purposes.  [3]   5. Should We Adopt it. When deciding upon the war fighting doctrine a nation should deliberate upon a basic question that is how to achieve victory in an acceptable time frame which is economical in terms of men and material? . The answer we seek must be viewed in light of various functions such as the nations military might, economic and political standing in world order compared to his perceived adversaries, likely threat perception and expected duration of war. The Indian Army doctrine does directs our focus on the intellectual understanding, institutionalisation and implementation of Manoeuvre warfare in its chapter on Operational Perspective  [4]  however, remains uncommitted on deciding manoeuvre warfare as our basic war fighting philosophy. 6. Mechanised Association. Since most astounding victories associated with Manoeuvre have a mechanised background, it is often considered to be a word of mechanised domain. The most common examples given is that of Blitzkrieg or Rommel and Pattons gallop across Gazala and the plains of Sicily respectively. Though most of us know that Rommel was an audacious practitioner of manoeuvre warfare during WW -II in his daring exploits but a few actually seemed to be aware of the fact that he learned and perfected his manoeuvre skills as an infantry soldier in WW- I. Indeed it can be debated that the German war philosophy in second World War was deeply influenced by Rommels World war I infantry experiences and his book  [5]  that grew out of those experiences. This lack of historical and conceptual understanding further deepens the dilemma of its applicability in Indian context especially in mountains. 7. Applicability in Mountains. In light of above mentioned aspects we must ask ourselves if manoeuvre warfare is solely applicable to conventional conflicts typified by massed formations of armoured vehicles? Or, are the principles and methods equally applicable to mountainous terrain?. The key to manoeuvre warfare, as expressed by proponents like William Lind and Robert Leonhard, was defeating the enemy by attacking his critical vulnerability rather than going toe-to-toe with his strength. This implies that in difficult terrain like mountains where critical vulnerabilities are of paramount importance and play decisive roles in the success of operations, the manoeuvre warfare assumes rather greater significance. CHAPTER II METHODOLOGY Battles are won by slaughter and maneuver. The greater the general, the more he contributes in maneuver, the less he demands in slaughter. Winston Churchill, The World Crisis, 1923 Statement of the Problem 8. Manoeuvre warfare is considered to be synonymous with mechanised operations and desert terrain by most of us. This thought process restrain us from tapping the actual potential of this universal war fighting philosophy, whose applicability is irrespective of the type of terrain or the arm using it .The aim of this paper is to analyse the concept of manoeuvre warfare as the war fighting philosophy for Indian Army and examine the feasibility of its application in mountainous terrain in Indian context. Hypothesis 9. Manoeuvre warfare is not a hard science and does not have a rigid list of theorems or formulae, which can define its applicability to a particular arm or terrain. It is very much applicable in Indian context, especially to mountainous terrain. Justification of the Study 10. Inability to Accept Manoeuvre Warfare. Over the years we have developed an attrition-based approach to warfare. Our training institutes are teaching tactics as a science having set piece solutions with mathematical framework and rigid utilization of resources. Though we claim to accept most logical and workable solutions but nine out of ten exercises end up with same lessons and solutions being culled out in the end. Another factor, which largely contribute towards our inability to accept manoeuvre warfare at tactical level is our fascination to adopt westernised terms and concepts. This is acceptable till they are used as building blocks to enhance our operational efficiency. But when templated without giving a proper thought to the fiber of our society, training and our basic approach towards life and philosophy  [6]   results in mere lip service and resentment at grass root level where they are to be executed. This misleads them to perceive manoeuvre warfare as extension of widespread military jargon or another fascinating word for what we have always done or common sense tactics  [7]  . This needs an urgent change in thought process. 11. Geo-Politico-Military Factor. India is wedged between two hostile neighbours having boundary disputes with both, which can lead to a potential conflict in future. With western adversary we enjoying vast superiority both in numbers and economy but the situation is not so very same with the eastern. Indian philosophy and ethos are against loss of any territory this when coupled with no first use of force places the military force at initial disadvantage of wresting the initiative before any conflict. This more or less drives India towards the attritionist practices in war where territory is of vital importance and its loss is unacceptable even in lieu of operational or tactical advantage it accrues. Superior force ratios are considered necessary to protect or regain the lost territory at any cost. 12. Battle Field Milieu. These potential situations when coupled with future battlefield scenario having nuclear backdrop, own political will and international pressure assures high intensity, fluid, short term and intense battle field in a reactive scenario. Such characterized conflicts cant be won just by attritionist approach. We need a philosophy, which provides us victory in shortest time frame with economy in men and material. 13. With approximately two third of our borders resting on the high mastiffs of mountainous terrain, it is easy to acquire a defensive mentality and orthodox approach to war fighting. This attitude stems from a blinkered outlook that any other approach to warfare is of no concern in this topography and the war will be nothing but a peak to peak slogging match. In the light of these, it is imperative that one takes a fresh look at our approach to warfare and reconsiders the applicability of manoeuvre warfare to mountainous terrain to win any future conflicts with minimal losses and within acceptable/quickest timeframe. We must understand that manoeuvrist approach to operations is as important to a commander in the high mountains as it is to a mounted general. Scope 14. This paper carries out an analysis of modern works on the theory of Manoeuvre warfare and tries to establish link between various theories and figure out basic components of manoeuvre warfare. The work just touches the concept based on the premise that basic knowledge of manoeuvre exist with the reader The scope will be limited to the instigating the aspects needing attention in the Indian armys basic doctrine and war philosophy to make it more manoeuvristic. The paper will concentrate more on organisational, institutional and functional changes necessary to facilitate this and the explore the concepts that can be applied while operating in mountainous terrain. . Methods of Data Collection 15. Books, military journals and periodical have been referred to from Defence Services Staff College Library, online sources and personal subscriptions contributed towards the research. Some contents have also been taken from the interviews of German generals after World War II (WW II) which were available from Defence Sites after translations. My own understanding of subject that accrued from discussions with peers, seniors and the Guide Directing Staff Colonel Rohit Mehta on the topic has come handy in making few suggestions for the dissertation. The casual discussion with Gen (Retd) HS Panag and lecture by Gen (Retd) Mehta in DSSC were instrumental inshaping the ideas expressed in the research. The bibliography of sources is affixed at the end of the document Organisation of Data 16. The text has been divided into five chapters excluding the introduction and conclusion. The initial chapters examine the essential elements of Manoeuvre warfare and how it differs from attrition warfare with special reference to analysis of modern writings on the subject and culls out the essence of these theories. The next chapter deals with relevance of this theory in the Indian context. The penultimate chapter is a follow up of the previous chapter and highlights the organisational, institutional and functional changes necessary for implementing manoeuvre theory by Indian Army. The next chapter gives some recommendations to apply the concept of manoeuvre warfare in mountainous terrain bordering India.Thereafter reiterating the essence of what has been said in the entire dissertation the conclusion settles the dissertation. CHAPTER III UNDERSTANDING MANOEUVRE WARFARE à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ Manoeuvre theory has nothing to do with vast numbers of men and machines charging down the countryside. Manoeuvre theory is about amplifying the force which a small mass is capable of exerting; it is synonymous with the Indirect Approach. -Richard E Simpkin Evolution of Manoeuvre Theory 17. Manoeuvre warfare is a philosophy for fighting smart to ensure success in war. The first manoeuvre on a large scale in battle, recorded in history, was during the Battle of Marathon in 490 BC  [8]  . In this battle, the Greeks under Miltiades scored a decisive victory through manoeuvre where the Greek phalanx hit the Persians from both flanks inflicting a total defeat. However, Alexander the Great can be considered as the first great practitioner of art of manoeuvre. Most of his victories are classic examples of Manoeuvre warfare. In 331 BC in the battle of Arbela he defeated Persian monarch, Darius III who had a numerical superiority of 5:1 against him. Sun Tzu also captured the essence of this philosophy in his classic work  [9]  . 18. The most important development of manoeuvre theories took place in Germany and the USSR during the 1920s and 1930s, notably with the development of the Deep Battle concept that was integrated into the Red Army field regulations doctrine by Marshal Tukhachevsky  [10]  . While the Wehrmacht developed from this the operations named Blitzkrieg, in the USSR this led to the creation of the Cavalry Mechanised Groups during the Second World War, and the Operational manoeuvre groups during the Cold War.  [11]  The Soviets used the concept of Deep Battle (which they continued through the Cold War). 19. In spite of all these years of rich history, only recently has a clear and acceptable definition of Manoeuvre warfare has been offered for modern tactics and operations. Two of the best works on modern manoeuvre warfare come from Robert R Leonhard  [12]  and William S Lind  [13]  . While they both draw heavily from Sun Tzu, Richard Simpkin, Sir Basil Liddell-Hart and Second World War German and Russian theories, they synthesize these thoughts and produce what could be called the modern school of Manoeuvre warfare. Modern Works On Manoeuvre Warfare 20. William S Lind Observe, Orient, Decide, Act (OODA) Cycle. Linds understanding of manoeuvre warfare theory is based basically on the research done by Retired Air Force Colonel John Boyd, who studied the US success with the F-86 fighter aircraft in combat over Korea fighter aircraft and derived Boyd Theory, Pattern of conflicts  [14]  . He observed that fighter pilots, who were able to observe their opponent, orient themselves to the situation, decide on a course of action and act upon decided action faster than their enemy counterparts usually embraced victory. The idea was that the pilot who went through his OODA loop also known as a Boyd Cycle) faster than his opponent was able to render his opponents actions irrelevant and gain the upper hand in the dogfight. Lind uses this as base to conceptualise Manoeuvre theory and summarise it as- Conflict can be seen as time-competitive cycles.  [15]  He concluded that the armies, which are able to decide, move and fight faster, would quickly render the enemys reactions irrelevant and would result in destroying his cohesion. The enemy who finds the irrelevancy of his actions with each passing moment are subjected to panic or become passive and this is an ideal outcome for the victor, because a panicked or passive enemy can be annihilated or captured at the lowest cost in friendly casualties.  [16]   21. To achieve such end state ground forces must have capability to conduct faster Boyd Cycles/OODA cycle .The various methods suggested by Lind are Decentralized Command and Control, Initiative at all levels of command to exploit the fleeting opportunities. Mission-Type Orders that tell subordinates only the intent of higher commander and not how to achieve it; the designation of a Main Effort to focus the resources at disposal towards common objective to promote Unity of Effort and reliance on Reconnaissance Pull to Exploit Gaps and Avoid Surfaces in enemy defence. He further adds that Manoeuvre warfare means not only to Accept confusion and disorder but also successfully operates in it and warns to avoid all patterns, recipes and formulae i.e. to say Be Unpredictable and achieve surprise.  [17]   22. Therefore, it can be understood the soul of Linds theory is tempo which is supported by Sun Tzu What is of the greatest importance in war is extraordinary speed; one cannot afford to neglect opportunity . . . An attack may lack ingenuity, but it must be delivered with supernatural speed and further explained by Richard Simpkin as the operational rate of advance.  [18]   23. Robert Leonhard and Art of Manoeuvre. Leonhard expands upon Linds theory of manoeuvre warfare by looking beyond tempo to other methods of defeating enemy. But agrees with Lind on defeating enemy with the minimal necessary force. As described by Leonhard, manoeuvre warfare attempts to defeat the enemy through means other than the simple destruction of his mass.  [19]  The other means of Leonhard include (a) Pre-Emption which is the most economical and often most successful method to defeat enemy. Indeed the highest and purest application of maneuver theory is to pre-empt the enemy, that is, to disarm or neutralize him before the fight.  [20]  This is in consonance with Linds emphasis on tempo and Boyd Cycles. (b) Dislocation is regarded as the next most preferred method, after pre-emption, i.e., which he explains as à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦removing the enemy from the decisive point, or vice versa, thus rendering them useless and irrelevant to the fight.  [21]  Dislocation can be further sub divided as positional or functional dislocation. Positional dislocation involves making the enemys location irrelevant through Manoeuvre while Functional dislocation refers to rendering an enemys strength irrelevant. (c) Disruption as the third method for defeating the enemy more economically. He defines it as attacking the enemys Centre of gravity(COG), which he further explain using the King Queen theory  [22]  -taking analogy from game of chess to he describe the understanding of of COG for attritionist as the queen or source of strength and for maneouvrist as king or the critical vulnerability. Which when addressed causes the enemy to lose cohesion and the will to fight. Disruption is closely linked to battlefield psychology and its target is not the enemy forces per se but rather the mind of enemy commander Essentials of Manoeuvre Warfare. 24. Other than the concepts mentioned above; keeping present and future battle field Directive Style Of Command, Mission Type Orders, Small Team Concept, Integrated Battle Approach With True Jointmanship, Simultaneity Of Operations, Mental Mobility Of Commanders at all levels and High Initiative with Mastering The Basic Skills are other essentials demanded for a manoeuvristic approach. There is a large gap between the philosophical concept and its practical application. Manoeuvre warfare is not a concept that can be practiced independently by tactical units. It requires the support of entire army as well as each individual soldier for the required transformation. Manoeuvre Vs Attrition. 25. In most situations, attrition warfare is best able to achieve the principle of concentration of force, unity of command, security, cooperation and simplicity. The outcome of WWI was decided by attrition If either side had been able to force part of the enemy alliance from the field, it would have reduced the enemys available resources and forces. Additionally it would have forced the enemy to spread its fewer forces over a larger area, potentially allowing greater room for maneuver. However attrition was forced on the belligerents until the combat power ratios  [23]  were changed and the Allies gained a clear advantage. It is a comparatively simple way to wage war and demands little initiative from subordinates. Higher commanders with the help of staff available plan battles in micro details whereas junior officers merely follow orders to the cut. However, this makes attrition war predictable and sequential. 26. By contrast, manoeuvre warfare regards application of military force as only one of the ways of to the attain politico military aim. Manoeuvre warfare draws its power mainly from opportunities and still more on winning the battle of wills by surprise or, failing this, by speed and aptness of response.  [24]  Manoeuvre warfare is thus concerned with amplifying the force, which a small mass is capable of exerting and conveying a threat commensurate with the mission. Field Commanders Adoption of Different Warfare in Similar Situations. 27. Field Marshal Montgomery and General Patton were two of the most effective allied commanders who were faced with roughly similar conditions, practiced effective dissimilar methods of war fighting. While Patton stressed on audacity, surprise, speed and always relied on mental mobility of subordinate commanders to exploit battle opportunities, Montgomery emphasised on caution and preferred a balanced orthodox approach. Montgomery has often been criticised for his aversion to taking risk but his approach to war was certainly an effort to minimise the risk. Comparing the two commanders lead to deduction that both concepts focus on compelling the enemy to do our will or reducing his ability to resist us until he finally accedes to our will  [25]  . A major assumption is that a war of manoeuvre is of a higher order than a war of attrition and that the general who defeats his enemy in a war of manoeuvre is superior to another who practices attrition warfare. Many still think of Gene ral Grant as a the butcher owing to the methods he used to defeat the Confederate armies or have general belief that all World War I generals lacked inspiration because they seemed incapable of breaking the stalemate at the front. Which certainly needs reconsideration, as both the theories are complimentary. Different Wars. 28. Wars of manoeuvre can be referred as wars of annihilation or destruction because the enemys ability or will to fight is annihilated after a decisive battle or a series of decisive battles in different theatres. Whereas wars of attrition may be referred as wars of exhaustion as they focus on the enemys ability or will to resist be exhausted. Attrition wars can be presumed to be more costly to in terms of loss of personnel, materiel and time unless one side completely dominates the other. In contrast to attrition theory, which concentrates on the enemys field forces, manoeuvre theory thrives on outperforming the enemys thought processes with the intent to destroy force cohesion. Why Modern Wars Become Attrition Wars? 29. The inspiration for the attrition theory basically comes from Clausewitzs Vernichtungsprinzip or principle of annihilation.  [26]  If wars of attrition are generally more costly than wars of maneuver and practitioners of attrition are perceived as less enlightened than those who succeed through maneuver and a decisive battle, then why do modern wars so often become wars of attrition? There are reasons to it: (a) Often the combat power that can be generated at the front is almost equal. Temporary stalemate and attrition follow until one side achieves a advantage in terms of numbers, firepower, leadership, manoeuvre, protection or Information. (b) Perception that the chances of success through a strategy of attrition have less risk element and uncertainty for the commander. (c) Nations which, possess a large army and and population which accepts the loss of lives in wars as a natural outcome accept attrition warfare. (d) When asymmetry exist between two warring fractions attrition warfare is followed unconsciously by superior fraction. The Other Side Of Manoeuvre Theory 30. Every coin has a flip side so as every theory. There are certain conditions to be fulfilled while practicing this type of warfare. This requires additional effort compare to attrition theory of warfare. (a) Dependence upon individual leadership. (b) There are also immense and glaring cultural differences between a decentralised manoeuvre military and a centralized attritional service. Attaining the latter involves people, time, and resources while the former requires something more rare and difficult to achieve and that is the development of military tradition, free thinking by soldiers and commanders, mutual trust at all levels and education in the military art. (c) Delegation of responsibility by higher commander for crucial combat decisions to subordinates implies highest degree of interpersonal understanding and trust not easily achievable. Such trust and understanding must be forged within the framework of a mutual drive towards the achievement of final objective. Creating such frame of reference and bonding of shared values and morals is exceedingly difficult to achieve. (d) Involvement of higher degree of risk and uncertainty. Maneuver warfare usually entails more risk. There is consoling certainty in programing warfare as quantifiable, logically measurable and scientifically less intuitive. It recedes the mystery and terror of something otherwise uncontrollable, indecipherable, and probability based. (e) The maneuver doctrine required relentless tempo that could not afford an operational pause. It was one of the factor leading to German failure during Barbarossa.  [27]   CHAPTER IV MANOEUVRE WARFARE FOR INDIAN ARMY Theory Suitable For Our Nation ? 31. The answer to this most commonly asked question depends upon ones needs, assets, and the kind of political supervision. Irrespective of national or military inclinations toward any theory, there are certain parameters which determine what type of warfare a nation should adopt. (a) Human Resource. Contrary to expectation that attrition requires a lower level of intellect and imagination than does maneuver; One must understand that most people can be made to adhere to checklists and taught to operate or maintain even the most complex pieces of technology. However, maneuver warfare requires creativity and innovativeness towards the unorthodox approach and independent cast of mind. (b) Equipment. Attrition-warfare armament must exceed at least the quality and preferably the quantity of that of the enemy. Developing countries will find adoption or continued adherence to attrition theory unjustifiable, unless they expect even more compelled foes (only western adversary in our case). (c) Threat. A military selecting a particular warfare theory will need to consider its likely threats. Will it encounter a conventional army with high standard of training, morale and motivation equivalent to his (west in our case) or a more resourceful nation with edge in terms of political freedom, technology, and numbers (East in our case). (d) Duration of war. In short term conflicts attrition has not performed well against maneuveristic army. It is only after extended periods of stalemate (and frequently heavy casualties) can those who employ attrition theory could overcome their maneuveristic enemies. (e) Risk / Higher Directions of War. The level of acceptable risk that the leadership is willing to take is extremely important when selecting a suitable theory. (f) Strategy. If a particular nation has some territorial disputes but its strategy is to maintain a status quo, it is not going to opt for large-scale manoeuvre warfare. However, since it has to remain prepared for any attempts to alter the status quo it may opt for a slightly higher bias towards Manoeuvre than attrition. (g) Some of the other determinants for planned offensive could be: (i) How deep are we planning to go? (ii) Is there a requirement of going that deep? (iii) What type of punishment do we want to inflict? (iv) What type of punishment are we anticipating? 32. Social Fiber of Society. Attrition theory generally suits the style of societies that believe human nature is inherently good; that war takes place between military forces with clearly designated combatants; that there are clear-cut demarcations and chivalry still exists during any combat. While the foundation of manoeuvre warfare is based on the philosophical tenets- that human nature is inherently flawed, that because of human greed and frailty; warfare is an inevitable fact of life, that war is an all-embracing human activity that is not confined to the clear demarcation of the battlefield and that the crux of warfare is mans mind. Which Direction Should We Embark 33. Rarely has superior firepower and attritionist approach determined the outcome of any major conflict. Nations have historically demonstrated a remarkable resiliency while enduring the punishment wrought by bombs, artillery, missiles and loss of men and material but victories are achieved only when the commander orchestrates a balance

Analysis: Utagawa Hiroshige ll “Nihonbashi, Thirty-six Views of Tokyo (

Niroshige ll, â€Å"Thirty-six views of Tokyo† is done in the style Ukiyo-e which during the Edo period was a way for artisans to mass produce their art work. Ukiyo-e is the technique of woodblock, Ukiyo-e has serval different themes. It consist of Bijin ( beautiful women of the pleasure quarter) Portraits of actors, Famous landscapes, and Asobi-e ( erotica ). The Nihonbasi â€Å"Thirty-six views of Tokyo† is done in the Landscape tradition, which is portrayed in the title of the print. Landscape prints normally feature a beautiful place in japan that the Chonin would want to visit, the artist Utagawa Hiroshige ll uses techniques to portray what the subject of the piece which is a harbor and shoreline that helps help portray a sense of depth and logging to the â€Å"Thirty-six views of Tokyo.† With the subject of the print being so easily given, the composition of the print is one that is not so easily seen. There is a lot that is going on in the print which at first conveys a sense of chaos, theres maybe a bridge, a shoreline with buildings, boats and a ladder of some sort right in the middle ...

Power of Men in William Shakespeares The Winters Tale Essay -- Europ

Power of Men in William Shakespeare's The Winter's Tale It has been said that in "The Winter's Tale" Shakespeare dramatises the contemporary struggle between masculine and feminine power. In light of this comment, examine the presentation of the relationships between men and women. Despite their many differences, contemporary society is now only beginning to realise their equal and respective roles in society. Since the beginning of time a contemporary struggle for equality has been present between masculine and feminine powers. The biblical stories of creation have often been used as an excuse to mistreat women. The mythical story of "The Garden of Eden" has been used to display women being easily seduced into wrong doing "The woman saw how beautiful the tree was and how good the fruit would be to eat... so then she took some of the fruit and ate it", how women corrupt men into wrong doing "Then she gave some (the fruit) to her husband, and he also ate it," illustrating women being dependant on men and men as dominant leaders going out to hunt for food "made him cultivate the soil from which he had been formed". Also because the male was created first "God took some soil from the ground and formed man out of it" he is often thought as being the perfection of c reation, where as the female is a helper "he formed woman out of the rob (Adam's.)" Â  Even after the Women's Social and Political Movement (WSPU), the work that the women assured responibility for during the World Wars and the feminist movement of the 1960's for women to be equal to men politically, economically and socially, inequality still exists today. The search for equality between sexes began in the early twentieth century with the WSPU and continues to the tw... ...nist Criticism and Shakespeare." London: Cornell Univ. Press, 1985. Mackey Sally and Simon Copper "Drama and theatre studies." Stanley Thornes Neeley, Carol Thomas. "The Winter's Tale: Women and Issue" (1985). Reprinted in the Signet Classic Edition of The Winter's Tale. New York: Penguin, 1988. Pyle, Fitzroy. The Winter's Tale: A Commentary on the Structure. New York: Routledge & Paul, 1969. Richards, Adam and Gerald Gould "Into Shakespeare: a introduction to Shakespeare through drama." London: Warlock Educational publishers (1977) Tillyard E.M, "Shakespeare's last plays." Chatto and Windus Wilson, Dover "Life om Shakespeares England" Cambridge University Press Folger Shakespeare Libary: www.folger.edu/ Internet public Libary- Shakespeare bookshelf: www.ipl.org/div/shakespeare/shakespeare.html Absolute Shakespeare- absoluteshakespeare.com/

Maguindanao Massacre Essay

Stories and worldwide condemnation of the Maguindanao massacre still grapple the Filipino people in disbelief. Focusing on the victims that include lawyers and journalists in the company of scions of a political clan, the manner of mass execution was the most gruesome, so animalistic, and the most barbaric act of the new century. Fifty-seven of them, men, women, and children were killed and decapitated; bodies were mangled and riddled with bullets. This satanic act was allegedly masterminded by the incumbent mayor of the place, who is said to have been able to command and give orders as he pleases even to the extent of a massacre. The idea of good governance, rule of law of human rights and democracy has hardly been heard in existence in this far-flung poor province in Mindanao. Politicians are motivated to run for public office to absolutely control and influence the civilians and the police. The existing system is heavily politicized making the police underdogs of the politicians. Thus, anybody who wants to seek justice feels the absence of any protection mechanism. Government tried to calm the situation by asking the allegedly mass murderer to surrender; but will his victims get justice? Praying for justice to prevail in this country, Lasallians were called to express indignation to this assault to humanity. Students wore black ribbons on their chest to sympathize with the victims and their loved ones, and to shout and rage against the inhuman act. They lit candles and prayed for peace, and were in one in expressing the gloom and grief the whole country has experienced. We call on the wheels of justice to move swiftly without deception of wealth and power. Otherwise, record of inhumanity of the sadistic, brutal, and cruel Maguindanao massacre may be enhanced when the Government still fails to mete out the punishment for the perpetrators.

Importance of Art in the Society

Art brings beauty into our world. Art is important because it makes our world a better place. It also brings a sense of enjoyment and pleasure. Art allows for the expression of truth and beliefs. Some art challenges our beliefs. Other works affirm our faith. Art is an important tool in causing us to examine our beliefs in light of an artists' rendition or perception of truth. Art has the ability to transport us to a different time and place. It allows us to gain historical perspective and understanding. Art allows us to appreciate different periods in history and their impact and significance in our world. Art immortalizes people, places, and events. Artists create a visual record of life experiences commemorating the memorable and challenging social injustices, such as slavery and abuses, in time. Artists serve as historians in this role, documenting life on canvass, photography, or sculpture. Art may be used to express chaos and misunderstanding, or to establish order from what appears to be chaos. Art helps us organize our world. It is one means by which we understand our society and culture, and the society and cultures of others. Art is important as an intellectual stimulant. A good artist advances culture and civilization by provoking thought, introspection, and discussion. Art triggers emotions. Subject, color, and texture are used by artist to evoke feelings. In this way art can serve as a catharsis, or help us uncover feelings of which we were previously unaware. Art has the intrinsic ability to elevate the commonplace. It lifts the viewer beyond the confines of reality and into another world, such as the use of art to express fantasy. Sometimes art provides pure escapism, such as cartoons and comics. Other art allows us to juxtapose fantasy and reality, creating a world in which the artist wished we lived. Art communicates across all cultures, tells the stories of the past and present, and inspires minds, both young and old, to do beautiful things.

Ensuring Collegiate Success Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Ensuring Collegiate Success - Essay Example Although many people are gifted intellectually, there are also those that lack the natural mental ability. However, this does not mean that academic success in college would be elusive for these people. There are many ways by which students' mental ability may be enhanced so as to prepare them for the rigors of college. For instance, recent study conducted by ACT, a non-profit organization that issues the widely administered college aptitude test, shows that improving reading skills is strongly correlated with academic performance in college (Brand). In this regard, students, even in the early years of schooling, may acquire the habit of reading voraciously so that they may train themselves in focusing and absorbing the voluminous reading materials they would encounter in college. Such would aid in honing their comprehension skills and would enable them to have full grasp of lessons in college. Apart from cognitive ability factors, certain personality traits also consistently predict academic performance (Ridgell & Lounsbury). This means that collegiate success is not only determined by a student's natural abilities but more so by his/her attitude about studying. As posited by Barrick and Mount, the personality traits identified that students would have to imbibe include extroversion, emotional stability, agreeableness, conscientiousness and openness to experience. These traits are dubbed as the "Big Five" (Barrick & Mount). To illustrate how the "Big Five" figures in college life, it is vital to recognize that these traits hone students' mind frame in facing academic challenges. For example, extroversion in students helps them focus their interest on people and things. This makes it easier for them to be aware of the components of their environment and facilitate learning with an outward perspective. Similarly, emotional stability makes students more adaptive as they deal with the complexities brought about by college life. Emotionally stable students are better able to cope with the ups and downs of college and remain focus on the main goal of academic accomplishment. Another relevant trait that should be emulated by college students is agreeableness. This attitude enables them to innovate and discover means by which they could make studying conditions more conducive. In this regard, students possessing this trait aim to establish good study habits. Such may include going through lessons recently taken up so that new and difficult concepts may be easily absorbed even before major exams. Furthermore, they intend to read ahead of discussions so they could actively participate in, follow lectures, and be prepared for surprise quizzes. Aside from these, conscientiousness is also deemed significant especially during college. A conscientious student exerts great effort in fulfilling course requirements. Such student, who is geared for academic success, painstakingly ensures that he/she has accomplished homework, papers and projects, among others. Note that someone, who is conscientious, is not satisfied by merely completing these requisites. This is because conscientious students go beyond simple completion of requirements, rather they strive to meet the said requirements such that above average results are obtained. Openness to experience is also important for college students to succeed

Essay questions Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 20

Questions - Essay Example The agreements also meant that if a country was attacked, the allied states would offer defense against the war. Therefore, Austria-Hungarys declaration of war on Serbia marked the beginning of World War One as Russia moved in to defend Serbia a move that prompted Germany to declare war on Russia. Germany also attacked France through Belgium, and this also triggered the war with the Britons. Other allied states joined the war where the USA, Japan, and Italy entered the sides of their allies. Therefore, to this extent, the war has been blamed on the strong allies that encouraged a war atmosphere. The intelligence tests, Alpha and Army Beta tests became popular during the World War One as they were used to screen the army (Wynn, 343). The main purpose of the test was to offer the commanders with a chance and a quick method of testing the ability of their personnel or the junior army. History holds that the test was successful in testing and measuring verbal ability, the ability to follow directions, numerical ability, as well as knowledge information of the draftees. Besides, the Army Beta was a non-verbal tool that successfully evaluated the draftees on the levels of their literacy and was successful with the non-schooled as well as non-English speaking draftees and the volunteers. Therefore, the tests were administered on the draftees and helped the senior officers to identify the candidates who were capable of serving. On the other hand, the tests were also crucial for the classification of the draftees into various military jobs. Besides, history holds that the senior off icers also used the tests to select the individuals who had leadership traits to feel in the positions of the retired officers. Generally, the tests were actually effective in serving their purpose of testing verbal and non-verbal capabilities of the army draftees. The Great Depression happened